48 - 食品科学技术学报页

降解能力最强. 虽然目前对于乳酸菌降解胆固醇的机
理尚无定论,但人们更多倾向于活体乳酸菌通过吸收
和共沉淀联合作用以降低胆固醇的观点[12 -13] . Klaver
等[14] 研究表明酸性环境对胆酸和胆固醇发生共沉淀现
象有利,因此有利于胆固醇的降解.
此外,本研究还表明,菌株的培养时间对其降解
胆固醇的能力具有显著影响, 随着菌株生长时间的
增加这菌株对胆固醇的去除能力随着增加. 除了粪
肠球菌、 德氏乳杆菌、 鼠李糖乳酸菌在培养 23 h 后
对胆固醇的去除率达到最大值外, 其余的 3 种菌株
在培养 11 h 后对胆固醇的去除率就已达到最大值,
这可能与不同菌种所需要活化的时间不同有关 .
本实验结果表明,受试 6 种乳酸菌对胆固醇均
有一定的降解能力, 乳酸菌对胆固醇的降解能力因
胆盐浓度、胆固醇浓度、pH 值 、培养时间和菌株种类
的不同而表现出较大的差异. 其中发酵乳杆菌在胆
盐质量浓度为 1郾 0 mg / mL、 胆固醇质量浓度为 170
mg / L、pH 值 3郾 0 的 MRS 培养基对胆固醇的降解能
力最强 , 达到 53郾 8% ; 嗜酸乳杆 菌 次 之 , 达 到
46郾 5% .
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Factors Influencing in vitro Cholesterol Removal
Ability of Lactic Acid Bacteria
REN Dayong 1,摇 WENG Luchao1 ,摇 LIU Hongfeng2 ,摇 ZHOU Tingting1 ,摇 ZHANG Zhenye1 ,摇 SHAO Lifang1
(1. College of Food Science and Engineering , Jilin Agricultural University , Changchun 130118, China ;
2. College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China)
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro cholesterol removal ability of different
lactic acid bacterial strains. Single factor experiments were carried out to explore the influences of oxgall
addition, cholesterol addition, medium pH, and incubation time on the cholesterol removal ability of the
strains. The results showed that cholesterol removal rate was significantly affected by the above factors.
Under the same conditions, considerable variation was found among lactic acid bacterial strains with regard
to the ability to assimilate cholesterol from a laboratory growth medium. Generally, the highest cholesterol
removal rate (more than 50%) was obtained under the condition of the oxgal concentration 4 - 6 mg / mL,
cholesterol concentration 190 -230 mg / L, medium initial pH 5 -7, and incubation time 11 -23 h.
Key words: lactic acid bacteria; cholesterol; influence factor; in vitro
( 责任编辑: 李摇 宁)
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第 32 卷 第 5 期摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 摇 任大勇等: 乳酸菌体外降解胆固醇的影响因素研究