In order to improve the comprehensive utilization of Hippophae rhamnoides fruit pomace, a method for enrichment of the triterpene acids from Hippophae Rhamnoides fruit pomace was established by the octadecylsilyl (ODS) decompression elution, and the type of the triterpene acids were identified by high performance liquid chromatography quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). Meanwhile, the α-glucosidase inhibitory affection of triterpene acids was evaluated in vitro. The results showed that the concentration of triterpene acids increased from 10.20% to 75.01%. The results of HPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS showed that 11 kinds of pentacyclic triterpenoids in the component with the highest triterpenoid acid content were identified, including alphitolic acid, maslinic acid, crosolic acid, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and their derivatives. The inhibitory experiment of α-glycosidase showed that the IC50 of the component with the highest triterpenoid acid content was (0.040±0.160) mg/mL, and the activity was significantly higher than the positive control acarbose, indicating triterpene acid from Hippophae Rhamnoide fruit pomace had the potential to reduce the postprandial blood glucose levels of diabetic patients. This study confirmed that ODS decompression elution method was an efficient triterpene acid enrichment method, which could provide certain theoretical basis and data support for the comprehensive utilization of triterpene acids from Hippophae Rhamnoide fruit pomace.