Sports nutrition food is defined as food that meet the physiological metabolism, exercise ability and special needs for certain nutrients of exercisers. With the improvement of people's awareness of health concept and extensive participation in various exercise training, sports nutrition food market is also growing. In this paper, the research status and progress of some important hotspot nutrients and functional factors in the current sports nutrition food are reviewed, and the potential research and development direction is forecasted in order to provide clues and ideas for the development of sports nutrition food in China.