To investigate the prevention effect of anthocyanin extract of Lycium ruthenicum Murr. (AEL) on rats with acute gouty arthritis (AGA), 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including normal control group, model control group, positive control group, AEL high dose group (238.0mg/kg) and AEL low dose group (59.5mg/kg). There were 12 rats in each group. Animals in each group were divided into 2 batches with 6 rats in each batch. After gavage for 2 weeks in the first batch of animals and 4 weeks in the second batch of animals, the rat model of AGA induced by injecting 0.2mL of 50mg/mL microcrystalline sodium urate into the right ankle of rats, and the effect of AEL on ankle joint swelling and claudication gait of AGA rats were evaluated. After continued gavage for 5 weeks, hyperuricemia model was induced by feeding 2.5% potassium oxazinate. The serum uric acid level of rats was measured after modeling at 2h and 3h. It was found that compared with the model control group, high dose of AEL after gavage for 2 weeks could significantly alleviate the ankle joint swelling and improve the claudication gait of rats at 6h after modeling. After gavage for 4 weeks, both high and low doses of AEL could significantly alleviate the ankle joint swelling at 6h and 24h and improve the claudication gait of rats at 6h after modeling, and high doses of AEL could also significantly improve the claudication gait at 24h after modeling. After 5 weeks of gavage, both high and low doses of AEL could significantly inhibit the increment of serum uric acid induced by potassium oxazinate. The results showed that AEL could significantly improve AGA in rats through anti-inflammatory effect and reducing uric acid.