The hazards which affect the quality and safety in edible agricultural products are widely sourced and varied. The hazard risks of biological and chemical pollutants almost accompany the entire supply chains in edible agricultural products, from production environment and agricultural inputs to the harvest, storage and transportation links. It is an inevitable requirement for the sustainable development to efficiently monitor the hazardous materials and research its functional effector for edible agricultural products. The immune network theory-based anti-idiotype antibodies have been proved to be useful for antigenic effector preparation because the characterizing of simulate conformation and even biological activity of antigenic epitope, which provided a new idea of monitoring the hazards of edible agricultural products or functional alternative materials. In this study, the hazards and safety risks which may involve in the process of production and supply of edible agricultural products have been systematically sorted out.Meanwhile, anti-idiotype antibodies technology and the application status in monitoring hazards of edible agricultural products have been comprehensively introduced and collated.Finally, we have studied the application prospects, existing problems and counter measures of anti-idiotype antibodies for monitoring hazards in edible agricultural products.