Pigment was extracted from citrus peels with the method of ultrasonic extraction. The single-factor experiments were applied to investigate the effects of the particle size, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic output power, ultrasonic extraction time, and temperature. On the basis of single-factor experiments, a three-level-four-factor response surface methodology was employed in this optimization study. The optimum technological conditions were obtained as follow:alcohol as extraction solvent, particle size of citrus peels 0.198mm, solid-liquid ratio 1∶9(m∶v), ultrasonic output power 300W, extraction time 17min, and temperature 79℃. Under these conditions, the maximum OD value of the pigment was obtained.