The microcystins molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) were synthesized by bulk polymerization using microcystin(MC-LR) as the template, and the preparation process was optimized. The MIPs were characterized by electron microscopy, porosity analysis and FT-IR, and their reaction mechanism and adsorption performance were investigated.The results showed that the ratio of monomer, template, and crosslinking agent was 0.9×106∶1∶1.2×106, the adequate elution time was 25min, and the maximum adsorption was 153.7μg/g. The MIPs has a significant and specific adsorption to MC-LR.