Chestnut polysaccharide was extracted by water extraction method, enzyme-assisted method, and microwave-assisted method. According to single factor experiments, the orthogonal design was used to optimize the polysaccharide extraction process. The results showed that microwave-assisted extraction has the highest yield (9.34%), followed by enzyme-assisted method (7.36%) and water extraction method (6.24%). Analysis results by SPSS software showed that the extraction yields of the three methods had significant differences.