PANG Guo-fang , FAN Chun-lin , CHANG Qiao-ying
2011, 29(3):1-7. DOI: 1671-1513-2011-03-0001-07
Abstract:The paper deals with the achievements our country has made in the staple food production over 30 years since the opening to the outside world and dating back to the food safety history and the presently existing main problems. In the global economic integration today, food safety has no borders and is worldwide. The current international organizations and countries all over the world all regard food safety as a strategic issue of common concern. This paper mainly describes one of the important issues involved with food safety. The agro-chemicals (pesticides and veterinary drugs) residues have become the threshold of access in international trade and a grave obstacle to our foreign trade development. Cracking the developed countries’ technical barriers has become a long-term strategic task of our country. The author’s laboratory has been conducting studies in such aspects for over 20 years and made outstanding contributions in realizing analytical techniques standardizations and elevating the technical progress of relative food industries as well as promoting the foreign trade development.
LU Zhan-guo , LI Xiu-hui , LI Wei
2011, 29(3):8-12. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.002
Abstract:Three kinds of HS-SPME fiber were used to extract the volatile compositions of long pepper in this paper, which were analyzed by GC-MS. Fourty-nine constituents were extracted by the three kinds of fiber in total, and 42 compounds were identified. Thirty-six compounds were separated by using DVB/CAR/PDMS fiber, and 35 constituents ( 99.834% of the total) were identified. The major compositions were β-Caryophyllene (17.933%), β-Cubebene (15.892%), Pentadecane (8.285%), β-Eudesmene (6.673%) and β-trans-Ocimene (6.166%). Fourty compounds were separated by using CW/DVB fiber, and 36 constituents (99.622% of the total) were identified. The major compositions were β-Cubebene (26.241%), β-Caryophyllene (19.650%), Pentadecane (8.523%), β-Eudesmene (6.572%) and Tridecane (5.037%). Thiry-eight compounds were separated by using CAR/PDMS fiber, and 35 constituents (99.515% of the total) were identified. The major compositions were β-Caryophyllene (17.858%), β-Cubebene (17.804%), Pentadecane (8.409%), β-Eudesmene (6.485%) and Tridecane (5.940%).
MA Hong-liang , WU Qi-lin , LI Rui , MO Dong-sheng
2011, 29(3):9-15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.003
Abstract:L-Methyl glyceryl ether was synthesized from L-menthol and Epichlorohydrin by three steps. The total yield was 71.3%. The structure of Menthol glyceryl ether obtained was confirmed by GC-MS. This synthetic method had some advantages, such as cheap raw material and high yield, which is suitable for commercial production.
2011, 29(3):16-19. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.004
Abstract:β-isophorone was obtained from α-isophorone via isomerization, which was then reacted with trimethylchlorosilane using sodium iodide as the catalyst to get β-isophorone trimethylsilyl enol ether. After Aldol reaction with crotonaldehyde, the important Tobacco fragrant component Megstigmatrienone was synthesized. The structure of the product was identified by GC-MS. The Overall yield was 35%, the content was 75%.
ZHAO Lei , WANG Cheng-tao , JI Bao-ping
2011, 29(3):20-27. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.005
Abstract:The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of non-protein components (AEVA-S), crude protein hydrolysates and their fractions from aqueous extract from velvet antler (AEVA) on murine splenocytes proliferation. AEVA-S and crude protein hydrolysates were fractionated by HPLC and ultrafiltration, respectively. The effect of each fraction on the proliferation of murine splenocy tes was detected by WST-8. The non-protein components were preliminary identified by high resolution mass spectrometry. The results suggested that the stimulated effect of AEVA-S on the proliferation of resting murine splenocytes was more effective than its fractions. Fr. III and IV inhibited ConA-stimulated splenocyte proliferation significantly, and they were preliminary identified as a mixture of bases and nucleotides. Peptide fractions of MW > 10 kDa stimulated the proliferation of resting murine splenocytes and inhibited ConA-stimulated splenocyte proliferation. MW of peptides showed a greater impact on its immunomodulating activity, but did not show a direct correlation. Amino acid composition, sequence and structure of peptides were also important factors affecting its activity.
CHEN Chen , ZHAO Wei , YANG Rui-jin
2011, 29(3):28-32. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.006
Abstract:The effects of pulsed electric fields (PEF) and high temperature short time pasteurization (HTST) on quality characteristics and endogenous enzyme activity of freshly-squeezed carrot juice were investigated. There is no significant change in pH, total acidity, . Brix, reducing sugar content after PEF and HTST. With PEF treatment at 30kV/cm for 500μs, color and viscosity of carrot juice were stable. However, total phenolic content and total carotenoid content increased by different extents. Nevertheless, HTST (98℃, 21s) caused color deterioration and significant increase in juice viscosity (P<0.05) but a significant decrease in total phenolic content (P<0.05). Compared with HTST-Pasteurized carrot juice, the quality properties of PEF-treated carrot juice were closed to those of untreated carrot juice. With pulsed electric intensity increased to 30kV/cm and extending treatment time to 800μs, residual activity of lipoxidase (LOX) and peroxidase (POD) decreased to 23.22% and 46.97%, respectively. LOX was susceptible to PEF treatment. With HTST treatment, residual activity (RA) of LOX and POD decreased to 19.21% and 48.08%, respectively.
PAN Hai-xiao , LIU Hai-shun , WANG Jing , ZHAO Bin , SU Ying
2011, 29(3):33-37. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.007
Abstract:Feruloyl oligosaccharides(FOS) were prepared from maize bran using xylanase and cellulase. The effect of temperature, pH, enzyme dosage, substrate concentration, and reaction time on the production of FOs was studied. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained by orthogonal test as follows: temperature 60℃, pH5.0, reaction time 36h, xylanase concentration 6g/L, cellulase concentration 8g/L, substrate concentration 167g/L. Under the optimal conditions, the concentration of FOs reached 2.127mmol/L.
TONG Qi-gen , BAI Yun-qi , JIANG Huai-xi
2011, 29(3):38-44. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.008
Abstract:Using self-made solid-phase reaction complete sets of equipment(model SRE-1000), Solid-state dehydroacetic acid , sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate were grinded together then Leading to solid-phase reaction producing food preventive sodium dehydroacetate. Orthogonal experiment results showed that the dehydroacetic acid reaction with molar ratio of 3∶7 NaOH and Na2CO3 mixture was the optimal ratio, Adding solid base twice could accelerate the solid-state reaction smoothly. Response surface experimental design was used to optimize the grinding media ratio of alumina ball, as a result, when different diameter alumina ball were 18 = 254 kg, 27 = 368 kg, 35 = 252 kg, the time for solid-phase reaction was shortest which was 444.7 minutes.
WANG Gui-jun , SHEN Cai-hong , ZHANG Hong-yuan , AO Zong-hua , ZHAO Xin , LU Zhong-ming , LI Chang-jiang , ZENG Lin , SHI Yuan-jun
2011, 29(3):45-50. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.009
Abstract:As the different leaving layers had different temperature and different styles in the accumulating process, the accumulating grains were divided into A, B, C class. The fermented grains of A, B, and C class were fermented with different leaving layers, respectively. One of the combinations could enable the top wine more prominent with sauce flavor, the middle wine more sweet, and the lower wine more distinct with cellar flavor. Another combination could enable the middle and lower wine more prominent with sauce flavor.
JIU Wei-jing , WANG Ping , LI Ao-bo , LI Jin-sui , QI Qi-ge
2011, 29(3):51-54. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.010
Abstract:The mechanical strength of immobilized beads was enhanced using sodium alginate as the embedding agent and CaCl2 as the crosslinking agent. Orthogoal experiments and one-factor experiments were designed to optimize the immobilization conditions. The effects of quantity of entrapmenting bacteria, concentration of sodium alginate, crosslinking time, and diameter of the immobilized beads on the immobilization were studied. Under optimum conditions, the nitrogen removal ability of immobilized bacteria was similar to that of dissociation bacteria.
2011, 29(3):55-58. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.011
Abstract:Based on the theoretical research of the cylindrical corn dryer, a numerical solution to the drying process was presented in this paper. The developed program was provided for the simulation of drying process and the model was verified to be feasible for simulating the corn drying process.
2011, 29(3):59-64. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.012
Abstract:Chinese Liquor is a representative of Chinese wine, which could be regarded as one symbol of Chinese culture in some degree. Nevertheless, the artistic level of packaging design of Chinese Liquor is still not very high. Two main problems were presented. One is that the packaging design style remains old, which can not keep up with the era; the other is that the packaging design of Chinese Liquor has our national character but lacks modern features. Four visual aspects including simple yet practical design style, the artistic use of Chinese Calligraphy, the particular design of layout, and the color style of packaging design were suggested for the artistic improvement in packaging design of Chinese Liquor.
2011, 29(3):65-68. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.013
Abstract:A novel colorimetirc sensor array was developed to meet the demand of rapid assessment of pork freshness and solving the problems of limited range and sensing to environment vapor of tradition electronic nose systems. The method was based on the principle of the color change induced in an array of metalloporphyrin dyes upon exposure to the volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The process of making visualization sensor array and the design of olfaction visualization system were discussed.
2011, 29(3):69-73. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.014
Abstract:In recent periods food consumption safety accidents happened frequently in China, and the development of the food industry may be affected because of comsumers’worries. The concepts of industry self-regulation and food industry self-regulation were discussed in this paper. A concept model of constructing the industry self-regulation in food consumption safety based on the aim ensuring food consumption safety was developed, including the behavior subjects of government organizations, non-governmental organizations, along with self-regulation levels of firms, industry and individuals. Further more, America’s industry self-regulation in food consumption safety was presented and suggestions for constructing the industry self-regulation in China’s food consumption safety were proposed.
2011, 29(3):74-77. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-6002.2011.03.015
Abstract:Food safety is closely linked with every consumer' health, directly bound up with the life safety and consumption safety. Food security incidents have occurred frequently in China on some important industries necessary for life which involve drugs, dairy products, meat, vegetables, eggs and poultry. Thus, it is imperative to strengthen the food safety supervision. However it is essential to consider the optimal regulation equilibrium between "regulatory costs" and "regulatory gains" . In this paper, the international food safety regulation cost was summarized from the perspective of HACCP system, cost-benefit analysis, output directional distance function model, transaction cost analysis, and food traceability system. On that basis, the inspiration for food safety assurance was presented.