胶体处理对多依复原果汁品质及澄清机制的影响
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(1.上海理工大学 健康科学与工程学院/上海食品微生物工程技术研究中心, 上海 200093;2.上海交通大学 农业与生物学院, 上海 200240;3.云南猫哆哩集团食品有限责任公司, 云南 玉溪 653100)

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Effects of Gum Treatments on Quality and Clarification Mechanism of Restored Docynia delavayi Fruit Juice
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(1.School of Health Science and Engineering/Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Food Microbiology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093,China;2.School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China;3.Yunnan Mouthdoleak Group Food Co Ltd, Yuxi 653100, China)

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    摘要:

    研究旨在建立多依复原果汁澄清与色泽优化的胶体处理条件,借助分光光度、HPLC及UPLC-MS-MS等分析方法,解析胶体处理对复原果汁基本性状(色度、浊度、褐色值、pH值、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量)、总酚含量、绿原酸含量、多酚物质组成、体外抗氧化活性及非酶褐变动力学参数的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数为0.4%苹果高甲氧基果胶(AHP)、0.1%罗望子多糖(TSP)或0.2%壳聚糖(CTS)可使多依复原果汁澄清化为清亮的金黄色,澄清效果由优到劣依次是CTS、TSP、AHP;冷沉淀(4℃、24h)结合胶体处理的澄清效果更佳,可将复原果汁在55℃下起始非酶褐变速率常数(k0)从0.150d-1降低至0.071~0.078d-1。复原果汁的色度、浊度、褐色值及k0的变化皆与总酚质量浓度呈密切的直线关系。综合考虑澄清性、非酶褐变抑制性(降低k0)、DPPH自由基清除力、膳食纤维等因素,质量分数为0.1%的TSP为胶体处理得到的多依复原果汁相对最佳。多依复原果汁中的多酚类化合物主要为绿原酸类、黄酮类(包括槲皮素-O-葡萄糖苷、山柰酚-O-葡萄糖苷与二木糖苷、根皮苷以及白杨素)、异黄酮类(包括大豆苷、豌豆香堇苷)等。TSP处理会轻微减少绿原酸及其衍生物、黄酮类及异黄酮类含量。热处理会促使多酚类化合物明显减少或消失,产生大量的羟基化绿原酸衍生物,研究结果表明,绿原酸和羟基化绿原酸衍生物为非酶褐变的关键组成物质。希望研究成果可为多依复原果汁的澄清处理提供一定的理论与技术支持。

    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to establish polysaccharide gums treatments for clarification and color improvement of restored fruit juice of Docynia delavayi Schneid.. The gum treatments effects on the basic characters (colority, turbidity, browning value, pH value, soluble solid content, and vitamin C content), total phenolic content, chlorogenic acid content, polyphenolic composition, in vitro antioxidant activity, and non-enzymatic browning kinetic parameters of the restored fruit juice were elucidated by spectrophotometry, HPLC, and UPLC-MS-MS. The results indicated that the addition of mass fraction 0.4% apple high-methoxy pectin (AHP), 0.1% tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), or 0.2% chitosan (CTS) endowed Docynia delavayi restored fruit juice of clear golden color. The clarifying effectiveness from high to low was in the order of CTS, TSP, AHP. Cold precipitation at 4℃ for 24 h combined with gum treatments resulted in an improved clarifying effect and reduced the initial non-enzymatic browning rate constant k0 of the juice from 0.150d-1 to 0.071~0.078d-1 at 55℃. The changes in colority, turbidity, browning value, and k0 were closely, linearly related to total phenolic content. Based on comprehensive considerations on clarity, inhibition against non-enzymatic browning (reducing k0), DPPH radical scavenging ability and dietary fiber, it was proposed that mass fraction 0.1% TSP treatment gave relatively the best restored fruit juice among treatments in general. The polyphenolic compositions of the restored fruit juice were mainly chlorogenic acid, flavonoids (including quercetin-O-glucoside, kaempferol-O-glucoside and dixylosides, phloridzin, and chrysin), and isoflavonoids (including daidzin, pisumionoside). The compositions of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids contents were lightly reduced by TSP treatment. Thermal treatments resulted in a great loss or removal of polyphenolic compositions, accompanying with an increase in hydroxyl chlorogenic acid derivatives content. The results showed that chlorogenic acid and hydroxyl chlorogenic acid derivatives were the key compositions for non-enzymatic browning reaction. These results were expected to provide a theoretical and technical support for clarifying treatments of restored Docynia delavayi fruit juice.

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周若男,艾连中,吴艳,赖凤羲,宋子波,向艳玲.胶体处理对多依复原果汁品质及澄清机制的影响[J].食品科学技术学报,2023,41(4):144-158, 178.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-07-20
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