多依还原果汁的胶体澄清机理、非酶褐变动力学及关键组成指标
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1.上海理工大学健康科学与工程学院;2.上海交通大学农业与生物学院;3.云南猫哆哩集团食品有限责任公司

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上海市”科技创新行动计划国内合作项目“


Gum-clarifying mechanism, non-enzymatic browning kinetics, and key composition indices of restored Docynia delavayi fruit juice
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Affiliation:

1.University of Shanghai for Science and Technolopy;2.University of Shanghai for Science and Technology

Fund Project:

Shanghai Science and Technology Development Fund, Domestic Science and Technology Cooperation Project

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    摘要:

    研究旨在建立多依复原果汁澄清与色泽优化的胶体处理条件,借助分光光度、HPLC及UPLC-MS-MS等分析方法,解析胶体处理对复原果汁基本性状(色度、浊度、褐变度、pH值、可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量)、总酚含量、绿原酸含量、多酚物质组成、体外抗氧化活性及非酶褐变动力学参数的影响。结果表明,添加质量分数为0.4% 苹果高甲氧基果胶(AHP)、0.1% 罗望子多糖(TSP)或0.2%壳聚糖(CTS)可使多依复原果汁澄清化成清亮的金黄色,澄清效果由佳到差依次是CTS、TSP、AHP;冷沉淀(4 ℃ 24 h)结合胶体处理的澄清效果更佳,可将复原果汁在55oC下起始非酶褐变速率常数(k0)从0.150 d-1降低至0.071~0.078 d-1。复原果汁的色度、浊度与褐色值及k0的变化皆与总酚质量浓度呈密切的直线关系。综合考虑澄清性、非酶褐变抑制性(降低 k0)、DPPH自由基清除力、膳食纤维等因素,整体上,以质量分数为0.1%的TSP 为胶体处理得到的多依复原果汁相对最佳。多依复原果汁中的多酚类化合物主要为绿原酸类、黄酮类(包括槲皮素-O-葡萄糖苷、山奈酚-O-葡萄糖苷与二木糖苷、根皮苷以及白杨素)、异黄酮类(包括大豆苷、豌豆香菫苷)等。TSP处理会轻微减少绿原酸及其衍生物、黄酮类及异黄酮类含量。热处理会促使多酚类化合物明显减少或消失,产生大量的羟基化绿原酸衍生物,研究结果表明绿原酸和羟基化绿原酸衍生物为非酶褐变的关键组成物质。希望研究成果可为多依复原果汁的澄清处理提供一定的理论与技术支持。

    Abstract:

    The purpose of this study was to establish polysaccharide gums treatments for clarifying and improving the color of restored juice of Docynia delavayi Schneid. fruit. By using spectrophotometry, HPLC, and UPLC-MS-MS, the gum effects on the basic characters (color, turbidity, browning value, pH value, soluble solid content, and vitamin C content), total phenolic content, chlorogenic acid content, polyphenolic composition, in vitro antioxidant activity, and non-enzymatic browning kinetic parameters of the restored juice were elucidated. The results indicate that the addition of weight percentage 0.4% apple high-methoxy pectin (AHP), 0.1% tamarind seed polysaccharide (TSP), or 0.2% chitosan (CTS) endowed Docynia restored juice of clear golden color. The clarifying effectiveness from high to low was in the order of CTS, TSP, AHP. Cold precipitation combining with gums treatments resulted in an improved clarifying effect and reduced the initial non-enzymatic browning rate constant k0 of the juice from 0.150 d-1 to 0.071~0.078 d-1 at 55 oC. The changes in color parameters, turbidity, browning value, and k0 were closely, linearly related to total phenolic content. Conclusive considerations on clarity, inhibition against non-enzymatic browning (reducing k0), DPPH-scavenging ability, and dietary fiber concern suggest that, in general, weight percentage 0.1% TSP treatment gave relatively the best restored juice among treatments. The polyphenolic compositions of the restored juice contained mainly chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, flavonoids (including quercetin-O-glucoside, kaempferol-O-glucoside and dixylosides, phloridzin, and chrysin), and isoflavonoids (including daidzin, pisumionoside). TSP treatment lightly reduced the compositions of chlorogenic acid and its derivatives, flavonoids, and isoflavonoids contents. Thermal treatments resulted in a great loss in the above polyphenolic compositions, accompanying with an increased content of hydroxyl chlorogenic acid derivatives, revealing that chlorogenic acid and hydroxyl chlorogenic acid derivatives were the key compositions for non-enzymatic browning reaction. These results are expected to provide a theoretical and technical support for clarifying treatments on restored Docynia delavayi juice.

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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2023-03-15
  • 录用日期:2022-07-17
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