Memory decline and degeneration can be associated with human health conditions, brain physiological aging, brain trauma, and pathologic changes. Due to the pressure caused by skyrocketing economic burden on society, from teenagers to the elderly all live with memory disorders. Different therapeutic approaches are available to treat or improve memory impairment during physiological aging and diseases. However, there are a few researches on materials about memory improving on all ages as daily supplements. Peptides, not only could maintain the metabolism of brain cells and keep the brain movement normal as supplements directly, but also show the superiorities of wild raw material sources, simple preparation technology, and strong stability. Therefore, it attracts people’s attention as daily supplements. The memory improving peptides, its preparation methods, the targets of memory alleviation and the effects evaluation methods were summarized in this paper. It provides theoretical basis for peptides which are going to promote teenagers’ intelligence, improve memory loss for adults and be clinical nutrition for Alzheimer's patients.